1. Overview of talent demand and employment prospects in the AI field
As a strategic technology leading future development, artificial intelligence is profoundly changing the global industrial structure. According to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security's "New Occupation - Analysis Report on Employment Prosperity of Artificial Intelligence Engineering and Technical Personnel", the current gap in artificial intelligence talents in my country exceeds 5 million, and the domestic supply and demand ratio is as high as 1:10, and the supply and demand are seriously imbalanced (91). This huge gap reflects the broad employment prospects and development space in the field of AI.
In terms of salary levels, high salaries in the field of AI have become an industry consensus. According to data released by Zhilian Recruitment, the average monthly salary of the artificial intelligence industry in 2024 will reach 13,594 yuan. In first-tier cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hangzhou, the salary of graduates of artificial intelligence majors will be higher, with an average monthly salary of about 18,000 yuan (90). According to Liepin's report, from January to October 2023, positions requiring mastery of AIGC (general artificial intelligence) increased by 179.19% year-on-year, of which the average annual salary of machine vision positions was as high as 484,500 yuan, 62.44% higher than those without such requirements (99).
Specifically, in the first half of 2024, the average monthly recruitment salary for natural language processing and deep learning positions was RMB 24,007 and RMB 26,279 (108), respectively. The average annual salary of the first undergraduate graduates of artificial intelligence at Nanjing University was 303,800 yuan, and the average annual salary of master graduates was 482,100 yuan (105). Graduates in the artificial intelligence field of Tsinghua University are even more popular. In the spring campus recruitment season in 2024, the school’s first batch of undergraduate graduates in artificial intelligence majors will have a maximum annual salary of 1.28 million yuan, with an average starting salary of 458,000 yuan (90).
With the rapid development of large-scale model technology, the market demand for high-end AI talents continues to grow. Employment data of 2023 college graduates show that the newly launched positions of AI big model fresh graduates increased by more than 170% year-on-year, and the annual salary of deep learning recruitment exceeded 400,000, and the demand for graduate students, especially doctoral students, has increased significantly (108). These data show that the AI field not only has broad employment prospects, but also has a salary level at the forefront of various industries, making it a popular choice for many candidates and parents to pay attention to.
2. Analysis of comprehensive strength and ranking of AI-related majors in Chinese universities
2.1 Division of echelons in domestic AI fields
According to the latest subject evaluation, soft science ranking and international authoritative list, the comprehensive strength of AI-related majors in domestic universities can be divided into the following echelons:
First echelon (top level):
Tsinghua University: Ranked 9th in the field of AI in the world, and is domestic AI The core force of field research
Shanghai Jiaotong University: tied with Tsinghua University in China, especially in the direction of intelligent systems and natural language processing.
Nanjing University: Known for basic theoretical research, the School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence has brought together many academicians and leading talents.
Peking University: Ranked in the global field of AI 14. Peking University’s artificial intelligence research focuses on basic theory and cognitive science
The second echelon (obvious advantages):
Zhejiang University: Relying on the National Key Laboratory of Computer Aided Design and Graphics, it has achieved fruitful results in computer vision, intelligent robots and other fields
University of Science and Technology of China: It is known for its combination of theory and application, and the intersection of quantum computing and artificial intelligence is its characteristic direction
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China: It has traditional advantages in the field of integration of electronic information and artificial intelligence, especially in the direction of intelligent perception and signal processing.
Huazhong University of Science and Technology of Science and Technology of China: Relying on the National Laboratory of Optoelectronics, it has achieved remarkable results in intelligent manufacturing and medical AI
The third echelon (featured):
Southeast University: Leading in the research on intelligent transportation and smart cities, and closely cooperating with the industry
Harbin Institute of Technology: Deeply accumulated in the fields of robotics and natural language processing
Xi'an Jiaotong University: outstanding in the direction of intelligent control and system optimization, and close cooperation with Huawei, Alibaba and other companies
Northwestern Polytechnical University: With aviation and aerospace as the background, it has unique advantages in the fields of intelligent control of drones, complex system modeling, etc.
2.2 Performance of Chinese universities in the global authoritative rankings
In the international authoritative rankings, the AI of Chinese universities Related majors also performed well:
Nature Index AI Ranking:
Among the top 100 in the world, 19 universities in China (Mainland + Hong Kong) are on the list, ranking second in the world
Tsinghua University is ranked 9th in the world, and Peking University is ranked 14th in the world. It is the core force in domestic AI research
Other Chinese universities on the list include University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (24), Zhejiang University (25), Fudan University (30), Nanjing University (31), etc.
QS World University Discipline Rankings:
Mits Institute of Technology (MIT) is rated as the world's best university for data science and artificial intelligence learning
There are 5 universities in mainland China in the world, namely Tongji University (36), Shanghai Jiaotong University (38), Harbin Institute of Technology (46), and Fudan University (49)
Hong Kong has performed outstandingly, and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology has been among the top ten disciplines in the world for the first time
CSRankings Rankings:
In Artificial Intelligence (AI) Under the general category, Chinese universities continue to show their advantages, especially in the subdivided directions of artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, etc.
The top ten directions of artificial intelligence in the world: Peking University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Zhejiang University, Harbin Institute of Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanyang Technological University, Tsinghua University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Korean Academy of Sciences
The top ten directions of computer vision in the world: Peking University, Nanyang Technological University, Korean Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Zhejiang University, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National University of Singapore, etc.
2.3 The difference between major ranking and subject ranking
Candidates and parents need to note that there are essential differences between major ranking and subject ranking:
Professional ranking: mainly evaluates the quality of undergraduate teaching training. For example, soft science rankings form a comprehensive evaluation of majors from the three levels of evaluations at school, subject, and major. The index system includes school conditions, subject support, professional students, professional employment, professional conditions, etc.
Discipline ranking: focuses on scientific research output and academic influence. For example, CSRankings mainly scores and sorts by measuring the number of papers published by members of academic institutions at the top CS academic conferences
Take the 2025 soft science artificial intelligence major ranking as an example, the top 10 The famous colleges and universities are: Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xidian University, University of Science and Technology of China, Southeast University, Nanyang University, Chengdian University, Zhejiang University, Beihang University, and Xidian University (15). Zhejiang University, which ranks third in comprehensive strength, only 8th in this major ranking, reflecting the difference between professional ranking and comprehensive strength ranking (15).
3. Analysis of advantages in AI subdivided fields
3.1 Machine learning and data mining direction
Machine learning is the core technology of artificial intelligence and is widely used in algorithm research, data processing and model development. The following universities have obvious advantages in this field:
Top colleges and universities:
Peking University: Professor Zhang Zhihua's research focuses on the cutting-edge of machine learning
Nanjing University: Professor Zhou Zhihua and Professor Yu Yang have made outstanding contributions to machine learning and data mining
Tsinghua University: Professor Zhu Jun has in-depth research in the fields of probability graph models and deep learning
CSRankings Global ranking of machine learning directions:
Top 10 in the world: University of California, Berkeley, Korean Academy of Sciences, MIT, Peking University, Carnegie Mellon University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, University of California, San Diego, Tsinghua University, etc.
Chinese universities: Peking University entered the top 4 in the world, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Tsinghua University entered the top 7 in the world
3.2 Computer Vision Direction
Computer vision is one of the fastest-growing directions in the field of artificial intelligence, and is widely used in fields such as image recognition, video analysis, autonomous driving and medical imaging. The following universities have significant advantages in this direction:
Top domestic universities:
Peking University: ranks first in the world in computer vision, and the research team has made breakthrough progress in the direction of three-dimensional reconstruction and image recognition
Shanghai Jiaotong University: Professor Malizhuang's team's main research directions include digital media, computer vision, machine intelligence and virtual reality, etc.
Zhejiang University: Have strong research strength and industrial application foundation in the field of computer vision
Representative research results:
Shanghai Jiaotong University team proposed the integration of LiDAR Panoramic segmentation network of point cloud and camera features, high-fidelity single-view 3D content creation methods, etc., have made major breakthroughs in three-dimensional scene perception, three-dimensional reconstruction and embodied intelligence directions
The Shanghai Jiaotong University team has demonstrated significant improvements in speed and accuracy than the current most advanced methods on the pose estimation datasets such as COCO-wholebody, COCO, PoseTrack.
The Shanghai Jiaotong University computer vision research team has achieved important results in the integrated visual expression and understanding of characters-behavior-scenes. Related projects have won the Leading Science and Technology Award at the 2024 World Internet Conference
3.3 Natural Language Processing Direction
Natural Language Processing (NLP) It is a research direction related to language understanding and generation in the field of artificial intelligence, and is widely used in fields such as intelligent customer service, machine translation, and text analysis. The following universities have obvious advantages in this direction:
Advantageous universities:
Nanjing University: The Natural Language Processing Research Group has been engaged in research on natural language processing, machine translation and other related directions for a long time. In the era of big models, it mainly focuses on the improvement of model knowledge, reasoning and multilingual ability. Tsinghua University: It is ahead of the field of natural language processing, with nearly 50% of papers published by more than the second place. Harbin Institute of Technology: It has a deep research foundation and rich academic resources in the direction of natural language processing
CSRankings Global ranking of natural language processing directions:
Top ten in the world: Tsinghua University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Renmin University of China, Fudan University, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, etc.
Chinese universities dominate, 4 of the top 5 are from China
3.4 Intelligent systems and robot directions
Intelligent systems and robot directions integrate multiple fields such as artificial intelligence, automation control and mechanical engineering, and are widely used in industrial automation, service robots and intelligent driving. The following universities have obvious advantages in this direction:
Advantages:
Harbin Institute of Technology: Deeply accumulated in the fields of robotics and natural language processing, its "Artificial Intelligence Research Institute" integrates multidisciplinary resources to promote breakthroughs in cutting-edge technologies
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics: Strong strength in the fields of intelligent navigation and unmanned systems, and rely on the National Laboratory of Aeronautics and Technology to promote technical application
Southeast University: Leading in the research direction of intelligent transportation and smart cities, closely cooperating with the industry, and promoting the implementation of technology
Representative research results:
Shanghai Jiaotong University team proposed a knowledge distillation method based on memory mechanism expansion (MemKD), which effectively solves the problem of "normal forgetting" in unsupervised abnormality detection
The CHORD method developed by the Shanghai Jiaotong University team performs class-level handheld objects reconstruction through shape deformation, which is better than the previous methods in both quantitative and qualitative measurements
The ClothPose dataset constructed by the Shanghai Jiaotong University team contains operation videos from more than 600 clothing, promoting the research on pose estimation tasks of non-rigid objects
IV. Analysis of admission score lines for AI-related majors
4.1 Overview of national admission score lines for AI majors in top universities
AI-related majors As one of the most popular majors at present, the admission score lines are generally high. The following is an overview of the admission scores of AI majors in some provinces across the country (2024 data):
Tsinghua University:
Science orientation: The admission scores in multiple provinces are in the range of 680-690
Physics group: The admission scores in Guangdong Province are 692 points, and the physical and chemical group is 688 points.
Artificial intelligence direction is close to or exceeds 700 points in some provinces. Shanghai Jiaotong University:
Artificial intelligence talent class: The admission scores in Jiangsu Province are 690 The score is equivalent to the filing score of Peking University and Tsinghua University
Science experimental class and engineering experimental class: The admission score for physics in Jiangsu Province is 689 points
The minimum admission score for artificial intelligence majors in Shanghai is 580 points, and the minimum admission score for outside the city is Inner Mongolia 693 points, Jilin 693 points, Yunnan 694 points
Nanjing University:
Artificial intelligence majors: The admission score for science in Anhui Province is 678 points, and the lowest ranking is 310 places
The admission score for artificial intelligence majors in Xinjiang is 641 Score
Physics: In Jiangsu Province Group 08 (Chemistry) admission score is 667 points, and in Sino-foreign cooperation group it is 647 points. Zhejiang University:
Admission score line for artificial intelligence majors in Zhejiang Province is close to 700 points.
The admission score line for computer science and technology majors in some provinces exceeds 680 points.
4.2 Analysis of the difference between admission score lines of provinces
AI The admission scores for related majors vary significantly between provinces, mainly affected by the following factors:
Differences in admission plans:
Universities usually have more admission plans in local provinces, and the admission scores are relatively low
For example, Shanghai Jiaotong University has a minimum admission score of 580 points in artificial intelligence majors in Shanghai, while the minimum admission scores in Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Yunnan and other provinces reach 693. The above scores
Several competition:
In provinces with rich educational resources and large candidate bases, such as Henan, Shandong, Guangdong, etc., the admission scores are generally higher
For example, the science admission scores of Tsinghua University in Henan Province are usually 5-10 points higher than those in other provinces
Professional popularity and recognition:
In areas with developed AI industries, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, etc., candidates are interested in AI The major is more recognized and the application is more popular, which pushes up the admission score line
In the central and western regions, although the score line is also higher, it is slightly lower than the developed eastern regions
4.3 The score line gradient of different levels of colleges and universities
AI The admission score line of relevant majors shows a clear gradient distribution, reflecting the degree of competition among colleges and universities at different levels:
Top 985 colleges:
Admission score line generally exceeds the special control line and is above 150 points
Some need to be admitted through the school examination or the strong foundation plan
High-scoring candidates (660 points or above) Sprint: Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiaotong University (Strengthening Basics Program is preferred)
Middle and upper reaches 985 colleges:
Admission score line exceeds the special control line 100-150 points
Suggest middle and high score candidates (630-660 points) Consider: Nanjing University, Zhejiang University (Follow AI Experimental Class)
Middle and lower reaches 985 and top 211 colleges:
Admission score line exceeds the special control line 80-100 points
Suggest middle and upper score candidates (600-630 points) Consider: Southeast University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (Communications AI Features)
General 211 and key first-tier colleges:
Admission score line exceeds the special control line 50-80 points
Suppose secondary candidates (550-600 points) Consider: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Suzhou University, etc.
4.4 2025 admission trend forecast
Based on the current development trend of the AI industry and adjustment of college enrollment policies, the admission trend forecast for AI-related majors in 2025 is as follows:
The enrollment expansion trend is obvious:
Tsinghua University plans to expand enrollment 150 undergraduates, focusing on training "AI+" talents
Nanjing University Suzhou Campus will add new majors such as intelligent science and technology, digital economy, etc. in 2025, and implement "2+2" dual campus training
Many universities will add enrollment plans for AI-related majors, especially "AI+X" composite majors
Physics candidates usher in structural opportunities, and the physical and chemical combination majors will continue to expand their enrollment
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications and other universities will add new majors such as robot engineering, intelligent perception engineering, etc., both of which require dual choices in material and chemical
Calling candidates are advised to give priority to the "dual degree programs" of 985 universities, such as Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications "Applied Physics + Electronic Science and Technology" Dual Degree Class
Score competition remains fierce:
Although the enrollment expansion, due to the continued popularity of AI majors, the admission scores in 2025 are expected to remain high
Top colleges (such as Tsinghua and Shangshu) are expected to exceed the special control line by more than 150 points
High-scoring candidates (660+): Can sprint to Tsinghua University and Shanghai Jiaotong University (Strengthening Foundation Program is preferred)
V. Impact of geographical location on the learning and development of AI majors
5.1 Beijing: AI The core industrial gathering place
As China's science and technology innovation center, Beijing has unparalleled advantages in the field of AI:
Industrial resources:
Haidian District has more than 1,300 artificial intelligence enterprises, and 74 large models have been registered, accounting for more than 70% of the city in Beijing
All the entire industrial chain with independent and controllable technology systems such as chips, frameworks, large models, data technology and processing services.
Zhongguancun Science City plans to build a leading artificial intelligence innovation zone and industrial cluster with global influence by 2025, with the scale of the core artificial intelligence industry exceeding 2,300 100 million
Academic resources:
Artificial resources:
Artificial research institutions with top universities such as Tsinghua University and Peking University
New R&D institutions such as Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute promote cutting-edge research
More than 12,300 research experts in the field of artificial intelligence, ranking first in the country
Beijing has gathered 40% of the country's AI enterprises, among which the Chengfu Road-Zhongguancun area in Haidian District has become a "unicorn gathering place"
More than 1,300 AI enterprises (accounting for the entire city 70%), including technology giants such as Baidu and ByteDance
It is expected that in 2026, the number of AI companies in Zhongguancun will exceed 2,000, and 15-20 new unicorn companies will be added, with a total valuation of over 500 billion yuan
5.2 Shanghai: International AI innovation highland
As an international metropolis, Shanghai has unique advantages in the field of AI:
Industrial layout:
Xuhui District will build the West Coast Digital Intelligence Valley and build the Shanghai West Coast International Artificial Intelligence Center (AI Tower) as the core carrier
West Coast Digital Intelligence Valley will release 100 Wanfang carrier drives the coordinated development of "one port, one valley, one city, one bay" and creates a 4 million Wanfang Binjiang artificial intelligence high-quality development belt
Xuhui District introduces high-tech enterprises such as Xiaomi, Tencent East China headquarters, NetEase, SenseTime, Yitu Technology, and other high-tech enterprises to create a new highland for the artificial intelligence industry
Xuhui District sets up "Mosu Space" as the first large-scale model innovation ecological community in the country. In less than two years of its establishment, it has radiated and driven nearly 400 large-scale model enterprises in the whole region to gather seven leading artificial intelligence enterprises, namely Xiyu Technology, SenseTime, Step Yuexing, Wuwenxinqiong, Xingji Meizu, Tezan Technology and Zebra Zhixing, to form the "Beidou Seven Stars" Matrix
The fourth paradigm has established an East China regional headquarters in Caohejing Development Zone, Xuhui District, and plans to set up an AI industry empowerment center, an AI innovation and R&D center, an AI venture capital incubation center, and an international data and computing power comprehensive service platform within the next three to five years. Talent training:
The innovative talent introduction and cultivation mechanism of the School of Artificial Intelligence of Shanghai Jiaotong University has attracted top domestic and foreign teachers in artificial intelligence and interdisciplinary fields, including 2 academicians from both academies, 1 foreign academician, 14 IEEE Fellow, 66 high-level talents including the National Outstanding Youth Fund winner, the Yangtze River Scholar Award Program, etc.
Shanghai universities in AI Research and talent training in the field ranks among the top in the country
5.3 Nanjing: AI Innovation Hub in the Yangtze River Delta
As an important city in the Yangtze River Delta, Nanjing has strong strength in the field of AI:
Industrial development:
Gulou High-tech Zone enterprises are deeply integrated into the DeepSeek big model, accelerating the intelligent transformation of the industry in multiple fields such as digital services, industrial manufacturing, education technology, and power systems
Jiangsu (Nanjing) "Arithmetic Space" Artificial Intelligence Integration Innovation Community was officially launched, becoming a shared space for government-enterprise collaboration and production and research progress
Gulou District proposed to build a "famous algorithm area" to create a "algorithm + computing power in the province + Data" Industrial Ecological Cluster Zone
University Resources:
The first batch of undergraduate students in artificial intelligence major of Nanjing University graduated, accounting for about 70% of the number of students going to school
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics has more than 80 AI majors, accounting for about 50% of the number of students going to school
Nanjing Normal University has 41 AI majors, accounting for about 40% of the number of students going to school
Employment prospects:
Employment prospects in Nanjing Gulou High-tech Zone keenly capture cutting-edge technologies with DeepSeek The big model is the engine to start intelligent transformation
Relying on its forward-looking vision and innovative spirit, many companies have taken the lead in accessing DeepSeek, making their mark in various industries, and becoming the mainstay of technological innovation and industrial upgrading
The employment direction of graduates is mainly concentrated in artificial intelligence-related positions such as Internet companies, new energy companies, and communication companies.
5.4 Overview of AI development in other key cities
In addition to Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing, the following cities also have certain advantages in the field of AI:
Hangzhou:
As the headquarters of Alibaba, it is located in e-commerce AI There are significant advantages in the field of cloud computing
The average monthly salary of the artificial intelligence industry is about 18,000 yuan, and it is in the first echelon of the country
Shenzhen:
The artificial intelligence industry is developing rapidly, especially in the field of smart hardware and consumer-grade AI products
The headquarters of technology giants such as Tencent and Huawei, providing rich in internships and employment opportunities
Hefei:
University of Science and Technology of China is located in the intersection of quantum computing and artificial intelligence
Companies such as iFLYTEK have global influence in the field of intelligent voice
VI. AI Analysis of the development prospects of major graduates
6.1 The further study rate and the destination of further study
AI major graduates are generally high, which is closely related to the industry's demand for highly educated talents:
Overall further study situation:
In 2024, the employment rate of undergraduate graduates at Tsinghua University was 97.5%, and the degree granting rate of fresh undergraduates was 97.5%. The proportion of Tsinghua graduates in 2024 was 9.6%, of which the proportion of undergraduates who went abroad (broad) to further study was 18.4%. In 2024, the proportion of undergraduates who chose to continue their studies was 78.22%, of which 54.44% of domestic studies and 23.77% of further studies abroad
The direct-job rate of undergraduate students at the headquarters of Shanghai Jiaotong University is 20.07%, setting a new record high
AI major special data:
Nanjing University has a total of 79 graduates in artificial intelligence majors, accounting for about 70%
Nanjing University has more than 80 AI majors, accounting for about 50%
Nanjing Normal University has 41 AI students Major graduates, the number of students who have been determined to go to school accounts for about 40%
Source of further studies:
Domestic studies are mainly concentrated in top universities such as Tsinghua University, Peking University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, and Nanjing University
Study abroad mainly flows to well-known universities in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other countries
In 2024, 70% of students from Shanghai Jiaotong University went to the United States to study in the United States and entered the TOP20 Graduate School of Engineering in the United States
6.2 Employment direction and salary level
AI Major graduates have a wide range of employment directions and generally have high salary levels:
Main employment directions:
Internet manufacturers: algorithm positions and R&D positions of companies such as Tencent, Alibaba, and ByteDance. The annual salary is generally 300,000 +, and the algorithm positions can even reach 500,000 +
Chip industry: Huawei HiSilicon, SMIC and other companies, with high salary but the market fluctuates greatly in recent years.
Investment banks/broker firms: CICC, CITIC, etc. do quantitative analysis. The annual salary is 300,000-500,000, but the threshold is extremely high. Medical devices: Siemens, Lianying Medical and other companies, with an annual salary of 20-30 10,000 yuan, stable but slow salary increase
Scientific research institutions: universities, research institutes, etc. engage in basic AI research and applied research
Salary level:
The average annual salary of the first undergraduate graduates of artificial intelligence at Nanjing University is 303,800 yuan, and the average annual salary of master graduates is 482,100 yuan.
The average monthly salary of the artificial intelligence industry is 13,594 yuan. In major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hangzhou, the average monthly salary is about 18,000 yuan.
The salary of master graduates in the artificial intelligence industry: Tencent’s monthly salary is 78,000 yuan, the year-end bonus is 320,000 yuan, and the year-end bonus is 1.256 million yuan; Alibaba’s monthly salary is 72,000 yuan, and the year-end bonus is 18,000 yuan. 216,000 yuan, annual salary of 1.08 million
The annual salary of high-end talents in the field of artificial intelligence can reach more than one million yuan. For example, "Lei Jun poached the post-95 AI genius" and other news has frequently been on the hot searches
6.3 Industry distribution and career development path
AI major graduates have a wide range of industries and diverse career development paths:
Popular employment industries:
Technology industry: Internet companies, AI start-ups, hardware manufacturers, etc., is the main destination of AI talents
Financial industry: banks, securities, investment companies, etc., using AI Technology for risk assessment, quantitative transactions, etc.
Medical industry: hospitals, medical device companies, health management institutions, etc., use AI technology for diagnosis, treatment and health management
Manufacturing industry: traditional manufacturing industries such as automobiles, electronics, and machinery, use AI Technology improves production efficiency and product quality
Education industry: online education platforms, education technology companies, etc., develop intelligent teaching systems and educational software
Typical career development path:
Technical expert path: Algorithm engineer → Senior algorithm engineer → Algorithm expert → Chief scientist
Management path: Algorithm engineer → Project leader → Technical manager → Technical director → CTO
Entrepreneurship path: After accumulating certain experience and resources, start your own AI enterprise
Academic path: pursue a doctorate → Postdoctoral → College teacher / Researcher → Academic Leader
Employment Quality Assessment:
2025 Employment University List is driven by Advanced Large Language Model (LLM), combined with real-time data analysis, comprehensively evaluates the employment rate of universities in large enterprises, entrepreneurial success index, postgraduate study rate, overseas study performance and employment share in the AI industry
The data on the list shows that graduates who master interdisciplinary AI skills and international perspectives are still the most sought-after talents in enterprises
In 2024, the undergraduate employment rate of Tsinghua University was 97.5%, and the degree awarding rate of fresh undergraduate students was 97.5%.
2024 The employment rate of Tsinghua graduates in key units in important domestic fields exceeds 85%, and the number of employed people in the manufacturing and energy industries increased by 11% year-on-year, and continued to grow for five consecutive years
7. Application strategies and suggestions for AI majors
7.1 Application strategies for candidates with different scores
Depending on the score level of the candidates, the following application strategies can be adopted:
High-scoring candidates (more than 660 points):
Sprint strategy: Prioritize application for AI in top universities such as Tsinghua University and Shanghai Jiaotong University. Majors, you can consider the Strong Foundation Plan
Professional Choice: Core Majors such as Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science and Technology, Data Science and Big Data Technology
Precautions: These schools are highly competitive, and it is recommended to prepare for school examinations and interviews at the same time to improve admission opportunities
Medium and high-scoring candidates (630-660 points):
Stafe Strategy: Apply for AI majors in second-tier universities such as Nanjing University and Zhejiang University, or related majors in top universities
Professional Choice: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Science and Technology, Automation (Intelligent Control Direction)
Precautions: Pay attention to the major characteristics and research directions of universities, and choose majors that match your interests
Second candidates (600-630 points):
Practical strategy: apply for colleges and universities with distinctive characteristics such as Southeast University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, or related majors of mid-to-upstream 985 universities
Professional selection: Artificial intelligence, intelligent science and technology, robot engineering, intelligent perception engineering, etc.
Precautions: Priority to select physical and chemical combination majors, such majors continue to expand enrollment and have good employment prospects
Second-to-medium scores (550-600 Points):
Base Strategy: Apply for AI-related majors in 211 universities such as Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Suzhou University, etc.
Professional Choice: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Science and Technology, Data Science and Big Data Technology, Intelligent Control, etc.
Precautions: Consider "dual degree programs", such as "Applied Physics + Electronic Science and Technology" dual degree classes at Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
7.2 How to choose the AI segmentation direction that suits you
Select the AI that suits you Subdivision direction is crucial, and can be considered from the following aspects:
Personal interests and specialties:
Have a strong interest in mathematics and algorithms: machine learning, deep learning and other directions can be selected
Enjoy image processing and pattern recognition: computer vision direction can be selected
Enjoymental prospects and trends:
Enjoymental salary for natural language processing and deep learning positions is 24,007 yuan and 26,279 yuan respectively Yuan
New jobs for AI big model fresh graduates increased by more than 170% year-on-year, and the annual salary for deep learning recruitment exceeded 400,000.
The demand for graduate students, especially doctoral students, has increased. Algorithm positions require a master's degree
Professional characteristics of colleges and universities:
Understanding of AI universities in various universities Advantages and features of subdivided fields
For example: Peking University is leading in cutting-edge research in machine learning, Nanjing University has made outstanding contributions to machine learning and data mining, Tsinghua University has conducted in-depth research in the fields of probability graph models and deep learning
Select universities with advantages in related fields based on their interests and goals
7.3 Application skills and precautions
When filling out applications for AI-related majors, you need to pay attention to the following skills and matters:
Volunteer gradient settings:
Use "Press - Stable - Insurance"
Sprint volunteer: Choose a university with a score slightly higher than your own and increase your admission opportunities
Standard volunteer: Choose a university with a score of equal to your own, and ensure that you can go to
Secure volunteer: Choose a university with a score of lower than your own, and ensure that you do not slip
Professional group selection skills:
Survival strategy: give priority to applying for "unlimited subjects" professional group
Security policy: Choose a "Required Chemistry" or Sino-foreign cooperation project
Pay attention to the differences in admission scores of different professional groups, such as Nanjing University in Jiangsu Physics 08 组 (化学) 录取分数线为 667 分，而中外合作组为 647 分
特殊招生渠道：
强基计划：天文学、哲学等专业校考侧重科研潜力评估
励学计划 (高校专项)：降分幅度可达 30 分
高校自主招生：部分高校设有 AI 相关的自主招生项目，可关注申请时间和条件
提前了解培养方案：
了解目标高校 AI 专业的课程设置、培养模式和毕业要求
例如：南京大学人工智能专业学生可进入周志华教授领衔的 LAMDA 实验室，本科参与国家级项目比例达 35%
清华大学新成立的本科通识书院将汇聚清华优势学科资源，突出人工智能技术在教育教学、科研创新中的驱动作用
7.4 长期职业规划建议
选择 AI 专业不仅要考虑当前的就业前景，还需有长远的职业规划：
学历提升规划：
人工智能专业作为一个典型的交叉学科，培养周期比较长，因为整体知识结构比较庞大，对数学基础要求比较高
本科主要是打基础，并初步地参与一些项目，因为只懂理论、不会操作是学不好这个专业的
研究生期间可以选择人工智能范畴下一个更细分的方向，如机器学习和数据挖掘、视觉与图像处理等，最好还能够与相关行业结合
技能培养路径：
数学基础：线性代数、概率统计、数值分析等
编程能力：Python、C++ 等编程语言，TensorFlow、PyTorch 等深度学习框架
算法能力：机器学习、深度学习、计算机视觉、自然语言处理等算法
实践能力：参与科研项目、竞赛和实习，积累实际工作经验
行业选择建议：
人工智能技术应用场景会越来越广阔，本科期间打下的基础是坚实的，但距离目标还有明显距离
未来人工智能将与更多传统行业深度融合，如医疗、金融、制造等，跨领域人才更受欢迎
打造出更多服务社会民生的人工智能应用，将是未来的发展方向
八、总结与展望
8.1 AI 专业的价值与挑战
AI 专业作为当前最热门的专业之一，具有显著的价值和挑战：
专业价值：
就业前景广阔，人才缺口高达 500 万，供需比例为 1:10
薪资水平高，应届本科毕业生平均年薪可达 30 万元以上，硕士毕业生可达 48 万元以上
发展空间大，AI 技术正在深刻改变各行各业，创造大量新的就业机会和职业发展路径
面临挑战：
学习难度大，对数学基础和编程能力要求高
知识更新快，需要持续学习和自我提升
竞争激烈，尤其是高端岗位对学历和能力要求极高
行业波动风险，部分领域可能出现人才饱和或技术叠代
8.2 未来发展趋势展望
AI 技术和产业未来发展趋势主要体现在以下几个方面：
技术发展趋势：
大模型技术将持续演进，向多模态、低资源适应、高效推理等方向发展
人工智能与物联网、大数据、5G 等技术的融合将加速，催生更多创新应用
人工智能将从感知智能向认知智能方向发展，实现更接近人类水平的智能
产业发展趋势：
AI 产业规模将持续扩大，预计到 2025 年全球 AI 市场规模将超过 6000 亿美元
AI 与传统产业的融合将深入推进，形成更多 AI + 行业的应用模式
AI 产业链将更加完善，从基础研究、技术开发到应用服务的全链条发展
人才需求趋势：
高端 AI 人才仍将供不应求，尤其是具备跨学科知识和创新能力的人才
行业对 AI 人才的需求将更加多元化，既需要理论研究人才，也需要应用开发人才
AI 人才的竞争将从一线城市向二线城市扩展，区域 AI 产业集群将加速形成
8.3 给考生和家长的最终建议
针对 AI 专业的选择和报考，给考生和家长的最终建议如下：
理性看待专业热度：
AI 专业虽然热门，但并非适合所有人，需结合个人兴趣和特长做出选择
不要盲目跟风，应充分了解专业内涵、学习内容和就业前景后再做决定
考虑长期发展，而非仅看眼前利益
全面评估自身条件：
数学基础是否扎实，逻辑思维能力如何
对编程和算法是否有兴趣和天赋
是否具备持续学习和自我提升的能力
是否有足够的耐心和毅力面对学习和工作中的挑战
多元化发展路径：
选择 AI 专业并不意味着未来只能从事 AI 技术工作，可根据个人兴趣和市场需求调整职业方向
注重跨学科知识的学习，如 AI + 医疗、AI + 金融、AI + 教育等交叉领域更具发展潜力
培养沟通表达、团队协作、项目管理等软技能，提升综合竞争力
保持开放心态：
人工智能技术发展迅速，未来的职业形态和就业市场可能与现在大不相同
保持学习热情和适应能力，准备迎接未来的变化和挑战
关注行业动态和技术趋势，及时调整自己的发展方向和学习重点
总之，选择 AI 专业是一个具有前瞻性的决定，但也需要理性对待和全面考量。希望本指南能为考生和家长提供有益的参考，做出最适合自己的选择。
九、附录：全国开设 AI 专业的主要高校名单
以下是全国部分开设 AI 专业的主要高校名单，供参考：
第一梯队：
清华大学
北京大学
上海交通大学
南京大学
浙江大学
中国科学技术大学
第二梯队：
复旦大学
< p>哈尔滨工业大学
西安交通大学
华中科技大学
东南大学
电子科技大学
北京航空航天大学
第三梯队：
西北工业大学
北京理工大学
同济大学
武汉大学
中山大学
厦门大学
山东大学
第四梯队：
南京航空航天大学
南京理工大学
苏州大学
南京邮电大学
杭州电子科技大学
合肥工业大学
第五梯队：
上海大学
暨南大学
华南理工大学
湖南大学
中南大学
重庆大学
四川大学
注：此名单仅供参考，高校的排名和专业实力可能随时间变化而有所不同。建议考生在填报志愿前，充分了解各高校的最新情况和专业特色。
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